Kev ntsuas ntawm synchronous inductance ntawm cov hlau nplaum ruaj khov motors

I. Lub hom phiaj thiab qhov tseem ceeb ntawm kev ntsuas synchronous inductance
(1) Lub hom phiaj ntawm kev ntsuas qhov tsis sib xws ntawm Synchronous Inductance (xws li Hla-axis Inductance)
AC thiab DC inductance tsis yog ob qho tseem ceeb tshaj plaws nyob rau hauv ib qho chaw ruaj khov hlau nplaum synchronous lub cev muaj zog. Lawv qhov kev nrhiav tau yog qhov yuav tsum tau ua ua ntej thiab lub hauv paus rau kev suav cov yam ntxwv ntawm lub cev, simulation dynamic thiab tswj ceev. Lub synchronous inductance tuaj yeem siv los suav ntau yam khoom ruaj khov xws li lub zog muaj zog, kev ua haujlwm zoo, lub zog, lub zog tam sim no, lub zog thiab lwm yam. Hauv kev tswj hwm lub cev muaj zog ntawm cov hlau nplaum tas mus li siv vector tswj, qhov tsis sib xws ntawm cov inductor yog ncaj qha koom nrog kev tswj hwm algorithm, thiab cov txiaj ntsig kev tshawb fawb pom tau tias nyob rau hauv cheeb tsam sib nqus tsis muaj zog, qhov tsis raug ntawm lub cev muaj zog tuaj yeem ua rau txo qis ntawm torque. thiab lub zog. Qhov no qhia qhov tseem ceeb ntawm synchronous inductor parameters.
(2) Cov teeb meem yuav tsum tau muab sau tseg hauv kev ntsuas synchronous inductance
Txhawm rau kom tau txais lub zog siab ceev, cov qauv ntawm cov hlau nplaum ruaj khov synchronous motors feem ntau yog tsim los ua kom yooj yim dua, thiab cov hlau nplaum hluav taws xob ntawm lub cev muaj zog ntau dua, uas ua rau muaj qhov sib txawv inductance parameter ntawm lub cev muaj zog sib txawv nrog cov saturation ntawm lub cev muaj zog. lub magnetic circuit. Hauv lwm lo lus, qhov tsis sib xws yuav hloov nrog cov kev ua haujlwm ntawm lub cev muaj zog, tag nrho nrog cov kev ua haujlwm nyob rau hauv cov kev ua haujlwm synchronous inductance tsis tuaj yeem cuam tshuam qhov xwm txheej ntawm lub cev muaj zog. Yog li ntawd, nws yog ib qho tsim nyog los ntsuas qhov inductance qhov tseem ceeb hauv kev ua haujlwm sib txawv.
2.permanent magnet motor synchronous inductance ntsuas txoj kev
Daim ntawv no sau ntau txoj hauv kev los ntsuas synchronous inductance thiab ua kom muaj kev sib piv thiab kev tsom xam ntawm lawv. Cov txheej txheem no tuaj yeem raug faib ua ob yam tseem ceeb: kev ntsuas ncaj qha thauj khoom thiab tsis ncaj qha static test. Kev ntsuam xyuas zoo li qub tau muab faib ua AC static testing thiab DC static testing. Hnub no, thawj zaug ntawm peb "Synchronous Inductor Test Methods" yuav piav qhia txog cov txheej txheem thauj khoom.

Cov ntawv nyeem [1] qhia txog lub hauv paus ntsiab lus ntawm kev thauj khoom ncaj qha. Cov hlau nplaum tas mus li feem ntau tuaj yeem raug tshuaj xyuas los ntawm kev siv cov tshuaj tiv thaiv ob npaug los txheeb xyuas lawv cov haujlwm thauj khoom, thiab cov duab kos ntawm lub tshuab hluav taws xob thiab lub cev muaj zog yog qhia hauv daim duab 1 hauv qab no. Lub hwj chim lub kaum sab xis θ ntawm lub tshuab hluav taws xob yog qhov zoo nrog E0 tshaj U, lub hwj chim ntawm lub kaum sab xis φ yog qhov zoo nrog kuv tshaj U, thiab lub zog sab hauv lub kaum sab xis ψ yog qhov zoo nrog E0 tshaj I. Lub hwj chim lub kaum sab xis θ ntawm lub cev muaj zog yog qhov zoo nrog U tshaj E0, lub kaum sab xis ntawm lub hwj chim φ yog qhov zoo nrog U tshaj kuv, thiab lub hwj chim sab hauv lub kaum sab xis ψ yog qhov zoo nrog kuv tshaj E0.

Daim duab 1 Phase daim duab ntawm cov hlau nplaum ruaj khov synchronous lub cev muaj zog ua haujlwm
(a) Generator state (b) Lub cev muaj zog

Raws li daim duab qhia theem no tuaj yeem tau txais: thaum lub sijhawm ua haujlwm ruaj khov hlau nplaum lub cev muaj zog, ntsuas tsis muaj lub zog hluav taws xob hluav taws xob E0, armature davhlau ya nyob twg voltage U, tam sim no I, lub hwj chim qhov tseem ceeb φ thiab lub hwj chim lub kaum sab xis θ thiab lwm yam, tuaj yeem tau txais armature. Tam sim no ntawm qhov ncaj axis, cross-axis tivthaiv Id = Isin (θ - φ) thiab Iq = Icos (θ - φ), ces Xd thiab Xq tuaj yeem tau txais los ntawm nram qab no equation:

Thaum lub generator khiav:

Xd=[E0-Ucosθ-IR1cos(θ-φ)]/Id (1)
Xq = [Usinθ+IR1sin(θ-φ)]/Iq (2)

Thaum lub cev muaj zog khiav:

Xd=[E0-Ucosθ+IR1cos(θ-φ)]/Id (3)
Xq = [Usinθ-IR1sin(θ-φ)]/Iq (4)

Lub xeev tsis tu ncua ntawm cov hlau nplaum ruaj khov synchronous motors hloov raws li kev ua haujlwm ntawm lub cev muaj zog hloov, thiab thaum lub armature hloov tam sim no, Xd thiab Xq hloov. Yog li ntawd, thaum txiav txim siab qhov tsis, nco ntsoov qhia cov kev ua haujlwm ntawm lub cev muaj zog. (Tus nqi ntawm alternating thiab ncaj ncej tam sim no los yog stator tam sim no thiab lub hwj chim sab hauv lub kaum sab xis)

Qhov teeb meem tseem ceeb thaum ntsuas qhov ntsuas inductive los ntawm txoj kev thauj khoom ncaj qha yog nyob rau hauv qhov ntsuas ntawm lub hwj chim lub kaum sab xis θ. Raws li peb paub, nws yog theem kaum sib txawv ntawm lub cev muaj zog davhlau ya nyob twg voltage U thiab excitation electromotive quab yuam. Thaum lub cev muaj zog khiav ruaj khov, qhov kawg qhov hluav taws xob tuaj yeem tau ncaj qha, tab sis E0 tsis tuaj yeem tau ncaj qha, yog li nws tsuas tuaj yeem tau txais los ntawm txoj kev tsis ncaj ncees kom tau txais cov teeb liab raws sij hawm nrog tib zaus li E0 thiab cov theem ruaj khov hloov pauv. E0 txhawm rau ua rau theem sib piv nrog qhov kawg voltage.

Cov txheej txheem indirect ib txwm muaj yog:
1) nyob rau hauv lub armature qhov ntawm lub cev muaj zog nyob rau hauv kev ntsuam xyuas faus suab thiab lub cev muaj zog thawj kauj ntawm ob peb lem ntawm nplua hlau raws li ib tug ntsuas kauj, nyob rau hauv thiaj li yuav tau txais tib theem nrog lub cev muaj zog winding nyob rau hauv kev ntsuam xyuas voltage sib piv teeb liab, los ntawm kev sib piv ntawm lub hwj chim factor lub kaum sab xis yuav tau.
2) Nruab ib lub tshuab synchronous ntawm lub ncej ntawm lub cev muaj zog hauv kev sim uas zoo ib yam rau lub cev muaj zog hauv kev sim. Txoj kev ntsuas voltage theem [2], uas yuav tau piav qhia hauv qab no, yog ua raws li txoj cai no. Daim duab qhia kev sib txuas tau pom hauv daim duab 2. Lub TSM yog cov hlau nplaum ruaj khov synchronous lub cev muaj zog nyob rau hauv kev sim, ASM yog ib qho zoo tib yam synchronous lub cev muaj zog uas yuav tsum tau ntxiv, PM yog qhov tseem ceeb mover, uas tuaj yeem yog lub cev muaj zog synchronous lossis DC. lub cev muaj zog, B yog tus nres, thiab DBO yog ob lub nqaj oscilloscope.The theem B thiab C ntawm TSM thiab ASM txuas nrog oscilloscope. Thaum TSM txuas nrog peb-theem fais fab mov, oscilloscope tau txais cov cim VTSM thiab E0ASM. vim hais tias ob lub cev muaj zog zoo ib yam thiab tig synchronously, tsis muaj-load backpotential ntawm TSM ntawm lub tester thiab tsis muaj-load backpotential ntawm ASM, uas ua raws li lub tshuab hluav taws xob, E0ASM, nyob rau theem. Yog li ntawd, lub hwj chim lub kaum sab xis θ, piv txwv li, theem sib txawv ntawm VTSM thiab E0ASM tuaj yeem ntsuas.

Fig. 2 Kev sim cov kab hluav taws xob rau ntsuas lub hwj chim lub kaum ntse ntse

Txoj kev no tsis yog siv ntau heev, feem ntau yog vim: ① nyob rau hauv lub rotor ncej mounted me me synchronous lub cev muaj zog los yog rotary transformer yuav tsum tau ntsuas lub cev muaj zog muaj ob tug ncej outstretched kawg, uas yog feem ntau nyuaj ua. ② Qhov tseeb ntawm lub hwj chim ntsuas lub kaum sab xis nyob ntawm qhov siab ntawm cov ntsiab lus sib haum xeeb ntawm VTSM thiab E0ASM, thiab yog tias cov ntsiab lus sib haum xeeb loj, qhov tseeb ntawm qhov ntsuas yuav raug txo.
3) Txhawm rau txhim kho lub zog lub kaum ntse ntse ntsuas qhov tseeb thiab yooj yim ntawm kev siv, tam sim no siv ntau dua ntawm txoj haujlwm sensors txhawm rau txheeb xyuas lub rotor txoj haujlwm teeb liab, thiab tom qab ntawd theem sib piv nrog qhov kawg voltage mus kom ze
Lub hauv paus ntsiab lus tseem ceeb yog rau nruab ib qhov projected los yog reflected photoelectric disk ntawm lub ncej ntawm qhov ntsuas ruaj khov hlau nplaum synchronous lub cev muaj zog, tus naj npawb ntawm cov qhov sib npaug ntawm cov disk lossis cov cim xim dub thiab dawb thiab cov lej ntawm cov ncej ntawm lub tshuab synchronous nyob rau hauv kev sim. . Thaum lub disk rotates ib lub kiv puag ncig nrog lub cev muaj zog, lub photoelectric sensor tau txais p rotor txoj hauj lwm teeb liab thiab generates p low voltage pulses. Thaum lub cev muaj zog khiav synchronously, qhov zaus ntawm qhov rotor txoj hauj lwm teeb liab yog sib npaug rau qhov zaus ntawm armature davhlau ya nyob twg voltage, thiab nws theem qhia txog theem ntawm excitation electromotive quab yuam. Lub synchronization mem tes teeb liab yog amplified los ntawm shaping, theem hloov thiab lub xeem lub cev muaj zog armature voltage rau theem sib piv kom tau cov theem sib txawv. Teem thaum lub cev muaj zog tsis muaj kev thauj khoom, theem sib txawv yog θ1 (kwv yees tias lub sijhawm no lub hwj chim lub kaum sab xis θ = 0), thaum lub load khiav, theem sib txawv yog θ2, ces theem sib txawv θ2 - θ1 yog ntsuas. ruaj khov hlau nplaum synchronous lub cev muaj zog load zog lub kaum sab xis tus nqi. Daim duab schematic yog qhia hauv daim duab 3.

Daim duab 3 Schematic daim duab ntawm lub hwj chim lub kaum sab xis ntsuas

Raws li nyob rau hauv lub photoelectric disk uniformly coated nrog cov xim dub thiab dawb yog qhov nyuaj dua, thiab thaum ntsuas cov hlau nplaum ruaj khov synchronous lub cev muaj zog ntawm tib lub sijhawm cim disk tsis tuaj yeem ua rau ib leeg. Rau kev yooj yim, kuj tseem tuaj yeem kuaj tau hauv cov hlau nplaum ruaj khov tsav tsav ncej qhwv hauv lub voj voog ntawm daim kab xev dub, coated nrog cov cim dawb, lub teeb pom kev zoo photoelectric sensor lub teeb tawm los ntawm lub teeb sib sau ua ke hauv lub voj voog ntawm daim kab xev. Nyob rau hauv no txoj kev, txhua tig ntawm lub cev muaj zog, photoelectric sensor nyob rau hauv lub photosensitive transistor vim tau txais ib tug reflected lub teeb thiab conduction ib zaug, ua rau ib tug hluav taws xob mem tes teeb liab, tom qab amplification thiab shaping kom tau ib tug sib piv teeb liab E1. los ntawm kev ntsuas lub cev muaj zog armature winding kawg ntawm ob-theem hluav taws xob, los ntawm qhov hluav taws xob hloov hluav taws xob PT mus rau qhov tsis tshua muaj hluav taws xob, xa mus rau qhov sib piv ntawm qhov hluav taws xob, tsim cov neeg sawv cev ntawm lub voj voog theem ntawm qhov hluav taws xob pulse teeb liab U1. U1 los ntawm p-division zaus, qhov kev sib piv theem sib piv kom tau txais kev sib piv ntawm theem thiab theem sib piv. U1 los ntawm p-division zaus, los ntawm theem sib piv los sib piv nws theem sib txawv nrog lub teeb liab.
Qhov tsis txaus ntawm txoj kev ntsuas lub hwj chim saum toj no yog qhov sib txawv ntawm ob qhov kev ntsuas yuav tsum tau ua kom tau txais lub hwj chim lub kaum ntse ntse. Txhawm rau kom tsis txhob muaj ob qho kev rho tawm thiab txo qhov raug, hauv kev ntsuas qhov sib txawv ntawm qhov sib txawv θ2, U2 teeb liab thim rov qab, qhov ntsuas theem sib txawv yog θ2' = 180 ° - θ2, lub hwj chim lub kaum sab xis θ = 180 ° - ( θ1 + θ2'), uas hloov ob qhov ntau ntawm qhov rho tawm ntawm theem mus rau qhov sib ntxiv. Daim duab qhia kom muaj nuj nqis nyob rau hauv daim duab 4.

Fig. 4 Lub hauv paus ntsiab lus ntawm theem ntxiv rau kev suav cov theem sib txawv

Lwm txoj kev txhim kho tsis yog siv cov hluav taws xob hluav taws xob hluav taws xob hluav taws xob sib faib hluav taws xob, tab sis siv lub microcomputer ib txhij sau cov teeb liab waveform, raws li, los ntawm kev sib txuas lus, sau cov tsis muaj hluav taws xob thiab rotor txoj hauj lwm teeb liab waveforms U0, E0, thiab. lub load voltage thiab rotor txoj hauj lwm rectangular waveform signals U1, E1, thiab ces txav lub waveforms ntawm ob recordings txheeb ze rau ib leeg mus txog rau lub waveforms. ntawm ob qhov hluav taws xob lub voj voos waveform teeb liab tau sib tshooj tag nrho, thaum lub sij hawm sib txawv ntawm ob lub rotor Lub sij hawm sib txawv ntawm ob lub rotor txoj hauj lwm teeb liab yog lub hwj chim lub kaum ntse ntse; los yog txav lub waveform mus rau ob lub rotor txoj hauj lwm teeb liab waveforms coincide, ces cov theem sib txawv ntawm ob voltage signals yog lub hwj chim lub kaum sab xis.
Nws yuav tsum tau taw qhia tias qhov tseeb tsis muaj kev ua haujlwm ntawm cov hlau nplaum ruaj khov synchronous lub cev muaj zog, lub zog lub kaum sab xis tsis yog xoom, tshwj xeeb tshaj yog rau cov motors me me, vim tsis muaj kev ua haujlwm tsis muaj kev thauj khoom (xws li stator tooj liab poob, hlau poob, mechanical poob, stray poob) kuj loj heev, yog tias koj xav tias tsis muaj lub hwj chim lub kaum sab xis ntawm xoom, nws yuav ua rau muaj qhov yuam kev loj hauv kev ntsuas lub hwj chim lub kaum ntse ntse, uas tuaj yeem ua tau siv los ua kom DC lub cev muaj zog khiav hauv lub xeev ntawm lub cev muaj zog, kev taw qhia ntawm lub kauj thiab kev ntsuas lub cev muaj zog steering zoo ib yam, nrog rau DC lub cev muaj zog steering, DC lub cev muaj zog tuaj yeem khiav ntawm tib lub xeev, thiab DC lub cev muaj zog tuaj yeem siv tau. ib test motor. Qhov no tuaj yeem ua rau DC lub cev muaj zog khiav hauv lub xeev lub cev muaj zog, lub kauj tsheb thiab kev ntsuas lub cev muaj zog ua haujlwm raws li DC lub cev muaj zog kom muab tag nrho cov ncej poob ntawm lub cev muaj zog (xws li kev poob hlau, kev poob, kev poob, thiab lwm yam). Cov txheej txheem ntawm kev txiav txim siab yog tias qhov ntsuas lub cev muaj zog yog sib npaug ntawm stator tooj liab noj, uas yog, P1 = pCu, thiab qhov voltage thiab tam sim no hauv theem. Lub sijhawm no qhov ntsuas θ1 sib raug rau lub zog lub kaum sab xis ntawm xoom.
Summary: qhov zoo ntawm txoj kev no:
① Txoj kev thauj khoom ncaj qha tuaj yeem ntsuas lub xeev ruaj khov saturation inductance nyob rau hauv ntau lub xeev load, thiab tsis tas yuav muaj lub tswv yim tswj, uas yog intuitive thiab yooj yim.
Vim tias qhov ntsuas tau ua ncaj qha rau hauv kev thauj khoom, cov nyhuv saturation thiab kev cuam tshuam ntawm demagnetization tam sim no ntawm cov inductance tsis tuaj yeem raug coj mus rau hauv tus account.
Disadvantages ntawm txoj kev no:
① Txoj kev thauj khoom ncaj qha yuav tsum ntsuas ntau qhov ntau nyob rau tib lub sijhawm (peb-theem voltage, peb-theem tam sim no, lub zog ntawm lub kaum sab xis, thiab lwm yam), qhov ntsuas ntawm lub hwj chim lub kaum sab xis yog qhov nyuaj dua, thiab qhov tseeb ntawm qhov kev xeem ntawm txhua qhov ntau muaj qhov cuam tshuam ncaj qha rau qhov raug ntawm cov ntsuas ntsuas ntsuas, thiab txhua yam kev ua yuam kev hauv qhov ntsuas ntsuas tau yooj yim los sau. Yog li ntawd, thaum siv txoj kev thauj khoom ncaj qha los ntsuas qhov ntsuas qhov ntsuas, yuav tsum tau them nyiaj rau qhov kev soj ntsuam yuam kev, thiab xaiv qhov tseeb dua ntawm qhov ntsuas ntsuas.
② Tus nqi ntawm excitation electromotive force E0 nyob rau hauv txoj kev ntsuas no yog hloov ncaj qha los ntawm lub cev muaj zog davhlau ya nyob twg voltage ntawm tsis muaj load, thiab qhov approximation no kuj coj inherent yuam kev. Vim hais tias, qhov chaw khiav hauj lwm ntawm cov hlau nplaum tas mus li hloov nrog lub load, uas txhais tau hais tias ntawm qhov sib txawv stator tam sim no, qhov permeability thiab flux ceev ntawm cov hlau nplaum ruaj khov yog qhov sib txawv, yog li qhov ua rau excitation electromotive quab yuam kuj txawv. Nyob rau hauv txoj kev no, nws tsis yog qhov tseeb heev los hloov lub excitation electromotive quab yuam nyob rau hauv load mob nrog lub excitation electromotive quab yuam ntawm tsis muaj load.
Cov ntaub ntawv
[1] Tang Renyuan et al. Niaj hnub nimno mus tas li hlau nplaum lub cev muaj zog txoj kev xav thiab tsim. Beijing: Machinery Kev Lag Luam Xovxwm. Peb Hlis 2011
[2] JF Gieras, M. Wing. Permanent Magnet Motor Technology, Tsim thiab Kev Siv, 2nd ed. New York: Marcel Dekker, 2002: 170–171
Copyright: Kab lus no yog rov luam tawm ntawm WeChat pej xeem tus lej tsav peek (电机极客), qhov txuas thawjhttps://mp.weixin.qq.com/s/Swb2QnApcCWgbLlt9jMp0A

Kab lus no tsis sawv cev rau peb lub tuam txhab txoj kev xav. Yog tias koj muaj kev xav lossis kev xav, thov kho peb!